![]() ![]() Aging of the respiratory system: Impact on pulmonary function tests and adaptation to exertion. Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity: ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society. The senile lung Comparison with normal and emphysematous lungs. Verbeken EK, Cauberghs M, Mertens I, Clement J, Lauweryns JM, Van de Woestijne KP. Normative aging of the respiratory system. ![]() Aging of the respiratory system 1994 499–507. ![]() Cardiovascular Health Study Research Group. Respiratory muscle strength in the elderly. Enright PL, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Schenker MB, Hyatt RE. Rib cage and diaphragm-abdomen compliance in humans: effects of age and posture. Keywords: Key Words Aging Respiratory system.Thus, it is important to recognize these aging-related respiratory system changes. Consequence of these changes, many respiratory diseases occur with aging. Exercise capacity also decreases, and maximum oxygen consumption decreases by >1%/year. However, responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia are decreased. Ventilation per minute remains unchanged, and blood carbon dioxide concentration does not increase with aging. More than 20% decrease in diaphragmstrength is thought to beassociated withaging-related muscle atrophy. Increased physiological dead space and ventilation/perfusion imbalance may reduce blood oxygen levels and increase the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference. ![]() FVC decreases because of increased residual volume and diffusion capacity also decreases. Lung function, as measured by 1-second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity (FVC), decreases with age, whereas total lung capacity remains unchanged. Decreased respiratory system compliance caused by reduced elastic recoil of the lung parenchymaand thoracic cage is related to decreased energy expenditure by the respiratory system.
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